Page 2 fall semester reviews

Chapter 12 review

1.	A dirty bomb contains
	A)	A safety device
	B)	conventional explosives
	C)	a radio
	D)	mud

2.	High doses of radiation can result in
	A)	Radiation sickness
	B)	Glowing eyes
	C)	A sixth finger
	D)	A cold

3.	Sources of radiation are
	A)	the sun
	B)	the ground
	C)	radon
	D)	All of the above

4.	Isotopes that are unstable are
	A)	Alpha particles
	B)	neutrons
	C)	Radioisotopes
	D)	None of the above

5.	Unstable isotopes are a result of
	A)	Having only protons in the nucleus
	B)	Having a 1to 1 ratio of protons to neutrons
	C)	Having too high of a neutron to proton ratio
	D)	Having only electrons

6.	Polonium, Neptunium and Fermium are
	A)	Naturally occurring
	B)	Radioactive
	C)	Representative metals
	D)	nonmetals

7.	To what does the ionizing power of a radioactive particle refer?
	A)	its ability to be ionized
	B)	its tendency to ionize spontaneously
	C)	its ability to ionize another molecule
	D)	its tendency to attract ions

8.	___ is the heaviest know naturally occurring radioactive element.
	A)	Radon
	B)	Uranium
	C)	Polonium
	D)	Bismuth

9.	Transmutation
	A)	Is the conversion of a stable isotope to a different element
	B)	Was first performed by Rutherford
	C)	Both of the above
	D)	Neither of the above

10.	What waste from nuclear power plants presents a continued disposal and storage problem?
	A)	contaminated water
	B)	old neutron-absorbing materials
	C)	spent fuel rods
	D)	depleted uranium

11.	Nuclear isotopes are used in medicine for
	A)	Diagnostic purposes
	B)	For treatment of cancer
	C)	For tumors
	D)	All of the above

12.	What is critical mass?
	A)	the amount of 23592U needed to produce a chain reaction
	B)	the amount of 23592U needed to harm a person who is exposed to it
	C)	the amount of 23892U needed to produce a chain reaction
	D)	the amount of 23892U needed to harm a person who is exposed to it

13. Which of the following reactions is an example of beta particle emission?

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

14. If a nucleus emits a beta particle, its mass number

A)	decreases by 4.
B)	decreases by 2.
C)	remains the same.
D)	increases by 1.
E)	decreases by 2.

15. Gamma particles

A)		can accompany nuclear decay of a beta emission.
B)		can accompany nuclear decay of an alpha particle
C)		have the same properties as electrons.
D)		a and b
E)		a and c

Short answer/essay. Thoroughly answer each question in the space provided.

16.	Why was a week of rain important to Becquerel’s research?

17.	What is the process behind glow in the dark toys?

18.	Describe the parts of a dirty bomb and describe the potential harm to people.

19.	Explain the parts of a nuclear power plant and explain how each works.

20.	Based on the Big Bang theory, how did the elements hydrogen and helium form?

21.	Marie Curie was a woman of firsts. Name two accomplishments she was the first one to achieve in science.

22.	Discuss fission and fusion and their usefulness as energy sources.

23.	Discuss in detail the three types of radioactive particles and their effects.

24.	A. Balance the following: a. 168O + 42He ® + 11H b. 23892U ® 23893Np + _ c. _ d. 23490Th ® 23491Pa + _ B. write balanced nuclear equations for each of the following: a. Cf-251 under goes beta decay b. Np - 234 undergoes alpha and gamma decay c. Bk- 248 undergoes beta and gamma decay.

25.

Your teacher had a PET scan using strontium-82. The half life of Sr-82 is 25 days. 42 grams was injected during the scan. a.) In the table below, fill in the grams and days for 6 half lives. b.) Draw a graph representing the decay of Sr-82 on the graph below. Make sure to use the entire graph in your numbering. c.) Based on the graph determine the amount in your teacher’s blood after 78 days.

Days	0
Grams	42g